课程列表 - 笔果题库

Passage1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the followingpassage. Raj is amiddle-aged man. Although he was bom in a poor family, he was raised well.Hisfather owned a welding (焊接)shop, and used to work formore than 12 hours a day, so that his family could lead a comfortable life.However, Raj’sfather could not earn sufficient money to provide a decent life to his family.Being an average student in school, Raj used to score around 70 percent marks.Raj’s dream was to become a doctor. Since his marks weren’t very high, he couldnot get the desired course. Instead，he joined abachelor’s degree course, completed the course successfully，and got a job in a company.While his lifewas going on with no dramatic change, his father continued to work in hiswelding shop, so that he did not have to depend on Raj. After getting apermanent job, Raj got married and at the same time was also promoted in hisjob.Later，Raj began to earn a handsome salary，andstarted to live luxuriously. He bought a new house. Although his companyprovided him with a car, Raj purchased a new car!After anextravagant (奢侈的)life that lasted almost 6 to 7 years，Raj was neither able to manage all the household expenses, nor payfor the children's education and other basic necessities.It so happenedthat Raj's father fell sick, and as a result, could not continue his work. Herequested Raj to give him some money. Raj, already suffering from financialcrisis, refused to help.After a week,while Raj was on an official tour, he met a boy aged about 10 years sellingtoys. The boy requested Raj to buy something. Raj asked the boy why he wasselling toys instead of studying. The boy replied, “My father had an accident.He cannot work now. My mother works as a maid. I’m helping my parents byselling these toys. I go to school in the morning, and sell toys in theevening. I work for three hours a day and study at night!”Raj purchased afew toys from the little boy. He thought about what the boy had said. Herealized that he had been wrong in the way he treated his parents. He hadlearnt a lesson from the boy. At a very small age, this boy was helping hisparents, but Raj, in order to meet the demands of his own lavish (奢侈的)lifestyle, had neglected his parents. What lesson did Raj learn from the boy?

Passage2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on thefollowing passage. Maria Montessoribased her educational plan upon the observation of children in diversecultures. Therefore, her discoveries are not accurately described as Montessoriprinciples. They are universal principles of human behavior, which belong toall peoples, societies, and cultures. These universal principles are a soundfoundation for educational systems everywhere.As a medicalstudent at the University of Rome, Montessori studied the origin and formationof living beings. When she returned to the University of Rome, after asuccessful medical career, to study education, philosophy and other subjects,Montessori remained attracted by development in all forms of life. Whileworking with children and young adults, she recognized specific stages in humanformation. Eventually, she identified four such planes of development. Thereare two planes of childhood, resulting at age twelve in a mature child,and twoplanes of adulthood, resulting at age twenty-four in adult maturity.To highlight thedramatic nature of the child's change from one stage of development to thenext, Montessori compared developmental planes to the transformation of abutterfly. The various stages of larva (幼虫)，chiysalis (蛹)，andadult butterfly are so different as to be unrecognizable one from the other.So, too, the differences of each plane of human formation are so extraordinarythat the young person appears in each as a re-created being. Each of these fourplanes of development builds upon the last so that faulty development in anyone affects the successful completion of all the others.Montessoriobserved that regular education fails to notice these planes of development.Infact, the first stage of development, from birth to age six, is ignored becauseschooling does not begin until it is over. She referred to the school childrenof her day as so many “dried butterflies” pinned to a display board. She drew achart depicting the linear ascent (直线上升) of educationbased as it is upon feeding information to children as if they were blanks tobe imprinted upon.In contrast,Montessori drew a chart reflecting the actual development of children. It showsthat in each plane there is an emergence or rebirth of development that reachesa peak and then declines. It emphasizes the regularity of human development inthis regard. Montessori believed that schooling should correspond to thechild’s developmental periods. “Instead of dividing schools into nursery,primary, secondary, and university, we should divide education in planes andeach of these should correspond to the phase the developing individual goesthrough.” Why are Montessori's discoveries universal principles of human behavior?

Passage2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on thefollowing passage. Maria Montessoribased her educational plan upon the observation of children in diversecultures. Therefore, her discoveries are not accurately described as Montessoriprinciples. They are universal principles of human behavior, which belong toall peoples, societies, and cultures. These universal principles are a soundfoundation for educational systems everywhere.As a medicalstudent at the University of Rome, Montessori studied the origin and formationof living beings. When she returned to the University of Rome, after asuccessful medical career, to study education, philosophy and other subjects,Montessori remained attracted by development in all forms of life. Whileworking with children and young adults, she recognized specific stages in humanformation. Eventually, she identified four such planes of development. Thereare two planes of childhood, resulting at age twelve in a mature child,and twoplanes of adulthood, resulting at age twenty-four in adult maturity.To highlight thedramatic nature of the child's change from one stage of development to thenext, Montessori compared developmental planes to the transformation of abutterfly. The various stages of larva (幼虫)，chiysalis (蛹)，andadult butterfly are so different as to be unrecognizable one from the other.So, too, the differences of each plane of human formation are so extraordinarythat the young person appears in each as a re-created being. Each of these fourplanes of development builds upon the last so that faulty development in anyone affects the successful completion of all the others.Montessoriobserved that regular education fails to notice these planes of development.Infact, the first stage of development, from birth to age six, is ignored becauseschooling does not begin until it is over. She referred to the school childrenof her day as so many “dried butterflies” pinned to a display board. She drew achart depicting the linear ascent (直线上升) of educationbased as it is upon feeding information to children as if they were blanks tobe imprinted upon.In contrast,Montessori drew a chart reflecting the actual development of children. It showsthat in each plane there is an emergence or rebirth of development that reachesa peak and then declines. It emphasizes the regularity of human development inthis regard. Montessori believed that schooling should correspond to thechild’s developmental periods. “Instead of dividing schools into nursery,primary, secondary, and university, we should divide education in planes andeach of these should correspond to the phase the developing individual goesthrough.” What can we learn about, planes of child development from Paragraph 3?

Passage2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on thefollowing passage. Maria Montessoribased her educational plan upon the observation of children in diversecultures. Therefore, her discoveries are not accurately described as Montessoriprinciples. They are universal principles of human behavior, which belong toall peoples, societies, and cultures. These universal principles are a soundfoundation for educational systems everywhere.As a medicalstudent at the University of Rome, Montessori studied the origin and formationof living beings. When she returned to the University of Rome, after asuccessful medical career, to study education, philosophy and other subjects,Montessori remained attracted by development in all forms of life. Whileworking with children and young adults, she recognized specific stages in humanformation. Eventually, she identified four such planes of development. Thereare two planes of childhood, resulting at age twelve in a mature child,and twoplanes of adulthood, resulting at age twenty-four in adult maturity.To highlight thedramatic nature of the child's change from one stage of development to thenext, Montessori compared developmental planes to the transformation of abutterfly. The various stages of larva (幼虫)，chiysalis (蛹)，andadult butterfly are so different as to be unrecognizable one from the other.So, too, the differences of each plane of human formation are so extraordinarythat the young person appears in each as a re-created being. Each of these fourplanes of development builds upon the last so that faulty development in anyone affects the successful completion of all the others.Montessoriobserved that regular education fails to notice these planes of development.Infact, the first stage of development, from birth to age six, is ignored becauseschooling does not begin until it is over. She referred to the school childrenof her day as so many “dried butterflies” pinned to a display board. She drew achart depicting the linear ascent (直线上升) of educationbased as it is upon feeding information to children as if they were blanks tobe imprinted upon.In contrast,Montessori drew a chart reflecting the actual development of children. It showsthat in each plane there is an emergence or rebirth of development that reachesa peak and then declines. It emphasizes the regularity of human development inthis regard. Montessori believed that schooling should correspond to thechild’s developmental periods. “Instead of dividing schools into nursery,primary, secondary, and university, we should divide education in planes andeach of these should correspond to the phase the developing individual goesthrough.” What did Montessori find is wrong with regular education?

Passage2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on thefollowing passage. Maria Montessoribased her educational plan upon the observation of children in diversecultures. Therefore, her discoveries are not accurately described as Montessoriprinciples. They are universal principles of human behavior, which belong toall peoples, societies, and cultures. These universal principles are a soundfoundation for educational systems everywhere.As a medicalstudent at the University of Rome, Montessori studied the origin and formationof living beings. When she returned to the University of Rome, after asuccessful medical career, to study education, philosophy and other subjects,Montessori remained attracted by development in all forms of life. Whileworking with children and young adults, she recognized specific stages in humanformation. Eventually, she identified four such planes of development. Thereare two planes of childhood, resulting at age twelve in a mature child,and twoplanes of adulthood, resulting at age twenty-four in adult maturity.To highlight thedramatic nature of the child's change from one stage of development to thenext, Montessori compared developmental planes to the transformation of abutterfly. The various stages of larva (幼虫)，chiysalis (蛹)，andadult butterfly are so different as to be unrecognizable one from the other.So, too, the differences of each plane of human formation are so extraordinarythat the young person appears in each as a re-created being. Each of these fourplanes of development builds upon the last so that faulty development in anyone affects the successful completion of all the others.Montessoriobserved that regular education fails to notice these planes of development.Infact, the first stage of development, from birth to age six, is ignored becauseschooling does not begin until it is over. She referred to the school childrenof her day as so many “dried butterflies” pinned to a display board. She drew achart depicting the linear ascent (直线上升) of educationbased as it is upon feeding information to children as if they were blanks tobe imprinted upon.In contrast,Montessori drew a chart reflecting the actual development of children. It showsthat in each plane there is an emergence or rebirth of development that reachesa peak and then declines. It emphasizes the regularity of human development inthis regard. Montessori believed that schooling should correspond to thechild’s developmental periods. “Instead of dividing schools into nursery,primary, secondary, and university, we should divide education in planes andeach of these should correspond to the phase the developing individual goesthrough.” What does the last paragraph say about the actual development of children?

Passage3Questions 11 to 15 are based on thefollowing passage.A ritualis any "have-to" behavior that is predictably and compulsivelyengaged in.Personal feelings are secondary to these mandates. You give thebirthday gift or celebrate Mother's Day whether you feel like it or not.Transgressing(违反) ritual usually causes discomfort or hostility. For example,a husbandgets angry when dinner is late. Or the wife gets angry because her husbandforgot to kiss her at the door or does not wish to visit his in-laws on Sundayafternoon. Often there is a furious outburst. The one who did not carry out theritual is made to feel guilty while the "denied" person feelsrejected and angry.Rituals disguisethe process of the relationship, what it would look like if left to spontaneousinteraction. The resistance and resentment surrounding a ritualistic"should" response emerges indirectly. A man who comes home for dinnerat six, though he would have preferred being elsewhere, may show resentmentthrough distraction, forgetting things, non-participation in the conversationat the table, or may suddenly explode over a minor incident.In my researchon people's honeymoon experiences a large percentage of those looking backyears later expressed disappointment, particularly women, who felt freer to behonest about their feelings. Giving the good-night kiss, doing things together,and "being nice" to each other are all a part of the rituals ofhoneymoons. There is great pressure to suppress any resistances, boredom, orconflicting feelings. Consequently, it is not uncommon for one partner or bothto drink too much or become ill during the honeymoon, shortening the length ofthe trip. The honeymoon experience is full of ritualistic behavior andexpectations that produce sudden, unpredictable outbursts of anger over pettyincidents.In general, hemore polarized(极化的) the couple in theirmasculine-feminine(男女的) condit, the less they can shareon an active, daily basis. Consequently, they require a maximum of ritualisticbehavior to structure the relationship. On the contrary, the more two peoplechoose each other as partners out of genuine liking rather than ability to playa role, the less ritualized their interaction will need to be. A good-nightkiss can be joyfully and passionately given, but it becomes a ritual if no realchoice is being made Which of the following best sums up the meaning of 'ritual' in the passage?

Passage3Questions 11 to 15 are based on thefollowing passage.A ritualis any "have-to" behavior that is predictably and compulsivelyengaged in.Personal feelings are secondary to these mandates. You give thebirthday gift or celebrate Mother's Day whether you feel like it or not.Transgressing(违反) ritual usually causes discomfort or hostility. For example,a husbandgets angry when dinner is late. Or the wife gets angry because her husbandforgot to kiss her at the door or does not wish to visit his in-laws on Sundayafternoon. Often there is a furious outburst. The one who did not carry out theritual is made to feel guilty while the "denied" person feelsrejected and angry.Rituals disguisethe process of the relationship, what it would look like if left to spontaneousinteraction. The resistance and resentment surrounding a ritualistic"should" response emerges indirectly. A man who comes home for dinnerat six, though he would have preferred being elsewhere, may show resentmentthrough distraction, forgetting things, non-participation in the conversationat the table, or may suddenly explode over a minor incident.In my researchon people's honeymoon experiences a large percentage of those looking backyears later expressed disappointment, particularly women, who felt freer to behonest about their feelings. Giving the good-night kiss, doing things together,and "being nice" to each other are all a part of the rituals ofhoneymoons. There is great pressure to suppress any resistances, boredom, orconflicting feelings. Consequently, it is not uncommon for one partner or bothto drink too much or become ill during the honeymoon, shortening the length ofthe trip. The honeymoon experience is full of ritualistic behavior andexpectations that produce sudden, unpredictable outbursts of anger over pettyincidents.In general, hemore polarized(极化的) the couple in theirmasculine-feminine(男女的) condit, the less they can shareon an active, daily basis. Consequently, they require a maximum of ritualisticbehavior to structure the relationship. On the contrary, the more two peoplechoose each other as partners out of genuine liking rather than ability to playa role, the less ritualized their interaction will need to be. A good-nightkiss can be joyfully and passionately given, but it becomes a ritual if no realchoice is being made How do people feel when their partners fail to carry out the ritual?

Passage3Questions 11 to 15 are based on thefollowing passage.A ritualis any "have-to" behavior that is predictably and compulsivelyengaged in.Personal feelings are secondary to these mandates. You give thebirthday gift or celebrate Mother's Day whether you feel like it or not.Transgressing(违反) ritual usually causes discomfort or hostility. For example,a husbandgets angry when dinner is late. Or the wife gets angry because her husbandforgot to kiss her at the door or does not wish to visit his in-laws on Sundayafternoon. Often there is a furious outburst. The one who did not carry out theritual is made to feel guilty while the "denied" person feelsrejected and angry.Rituals disguisethe process of the relationship, what it would look like if left to spontaneousinteraction. The resistance and resentment surrounding a ritualistic"should" response emerges indirectly. A man who comes home for dinnerat six, though he would have preferred being elsewhere, may show resentmentthrough distraction, forgetting things, non-participation in the conversationat the table, or may suddenly explode over a minor incident.In my researchon people's honeymoon experiences a large percentage of those looking backyears later expressed disappointment, particularly women, who felt freer to behonest about their feelings. Giving the good-night kiss, doing things together,and "being nice" to each other are all a part of the rituals ofhoneymoons. There is great pressure to suppress any resistances, boredom, orconflicting feelings. Consequently, it is not uncommon for one partner or bothto drink too much or become ill during the honeymoon, shortening the length ofthe trip. The honeymoon experience is full of ritualistic behavior andexpectations that produce sudden, unpredictable outbursts of anger over pettyincidents.In general, hemore polarized(极化的) the couple in theirmasculine-feminine(男女的) condit, the less they can shareon an active, daily basis. Consequently, they require a maximum of ritualisticbehavior to structure the relationship. On the contrary, the more two peoplechoose each other as partners out of genuine liking rather than ability to playa role, the less ritualized their interaction will need to be. A good-nightkiss can be joyfully and passionately given, but it becomes a ritual if no realchoice is being made In what situation is a man likely to explode over a minor incident?

Passage3Questions 11 to 15 are based on thefollowing passage.A ritualis any "have-to" behavior that is predictably and compulsivelyengaged in.Personal feelings are secondary to these mandates. You give thebirthday gift or celebrate Mother's Day whether you feel like it or not.Transgressing(违反) ritual usually causes discomfort or hostility. For example,a husbandgets angry when dinner is late. Or the wife gets angry because her husbandforgot to kiss her at the door or does not wish to visit his in-laws on Sundayafternoon. Often there is a furious outburst. The one who did not carry out theritual is made to feel guilty while the "denied" person feelsrejected and angry.Rituals disguisethe process of the relationship, what it would look like if left to spontaneousinteraction. The resistance and resentment surrounding a ritualistic"should" response emerges indirectly. A man who comes home for dinnerat six, though he would have preferred being elsewhere, may show resentmentthrough distraction, forgetting things, non-participation in the conversationat the table, or may suddenly explode over a minor incident.In my researchon people's honeymoon experiences a large percentage of those looking backyears later expressed disappointment, particularly women, who felt freer to behonest about their feelings. Giving the good-night kiss, doing things together,and "being nice" to each other are all a part of the rituals ofhoneymoons. There is great pressure to suppress any resistances, boredom, orconflicting feelings. Consequently, it is not uncommon for one partner or bothto drink too much or become ill during the honeymoon, shortening the length ofthe trip. The honeymoon experience is full of ritualistic behavior andexpectations that produce sudden, unpredictable outbursts of anger over pettyincidents.In general, hemore polarized(极化的) the couple in theirmasculine-feminine(男女的) condit, the less they can shareon an active, daily basis. Consequently, they require a maximum of ritualisticbehavior to structure the relationship. On the contrary, the more two peoplechoose each other as partners out of genuine liking rather than ability to playa role, the less ritualized their interaction will need to be. A good-nightkiss can be joyfully and passionately given, but it becomes a ritual if no realchoice is being made What does the author's research on people's honeymoon experiences show?